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Math

Root Calculator

Square, cube, and nth roots — instant and exact

Root Calculator

Root Type

Result

(64)8Exact
Principal root
8
Negative root
-8

Both +8 and -8 satisfy x² = 64

Verification
(8)^2 ≈ 64
Exact result
Yes — perfect power
Root index (n)
2
Expression
√(64) = 8

Common Roots Reference

Number√ (n=2)∛ (n=3)⁴√ (n=4)
1111
42≈1.587≈1.414
8≈2.8282≈1.682
164≈2.5202
255≈2.924≈2.236
27≈5.1963≈2.280
6484≈2.828
10010≈4.642≈3.162
125≈11.185≈3.344
25616≈6.3504

How Roots Work

Square Root (√)
The value y such that y² = x. Every positive number has two square roots: +y and −y.
Cube Root (∛)
The value y such that y³ = x. Defined for all real numbers, including negatives.
Nth Root
The value y such that yⁿ = x. For even n, only non-negative x have real roots. For odd n, all reals work.
Perfect Power
A number whose nth root is an integer, e.g. √64 = 8 exactly. Otherwise the root is irrational.
Principal Root
The non-negative real root by convention. For negative inputs with odd n, this is the unique real root.
Irrational Root
Most roots are irrational — their decimal expansion is infinite and non-repeating, like √2 = 1.41421356…
About

A root calculator lets you find the square root, cube root, or any nth root of any real number in seconds. Whether you need to simplify a radical expression, check a perfect power, or compute a fractional exponent for engineering or school, this free tool handles it all — showing the principal root, the negative counterpart for even roots, and whether the result is exact or irrational.

FAQ
What is the difference between a square root and a cube root?+

A square root (n=2) finds the value y where y² = x. A cube root (n=3) finds y where y³ = x. The key practical difference: square roots only exist as real numbers for non-negative inputs, while cube roots are defined for all real numbers including negatives — for example ∛(−8) = −2.

Why does a negative number have no square root?+

Squaring any real number — positive or negative — always produces a non-negative result. So no real number y satisfies y² = −4, for instance. The result exists only in the complex number system (as 2i). Odd roots like cube roots do work on negatives because cubing a negative gives a negative.

What is a perfect square or perfect cube?+

A perfect square is an integer whose square root is also an integer (e.g. 64 = 8²). A perfect cube has an integer cube root (e.g. 27 = 3³). More generally, a perfect nth power has an integer nth root. The calculator flags these results as 'Exact'.

How do I calculate a fractional root like the 1.5th root?+

Select 'Nth Root' and enter 1.5 as the index. The nth root of x equals x^(1/n), so the 1.5th root is x^(1/1.5) = x^(2/3). Fractional and decimal root indices are fully supported.

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